Double-acting pump



Patented Dec. 5, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,364,511 DOUBLE-ACTING PUMP Romeo A. Bossi, Newton Center, Mass.

Application July 9, 1943, Serial No. 494,022

(Cl. S-178) 8 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in double-acting pumps and the principal object of the invention is to provide a portable light double-acting pump adapted to project a continuous stream of water or other liquid in force and volume comparable with that projected by a garden hose from the usual household Water system.

In view of the Government restrictions upon the use of metals and other materials essential for war purposes the principal object of the invention is to provide a double-acting pump which will not require the use of any substantial amount of metal or other restricted materials.

More particularly the invention relates to improvements in double-acting pumps in which substantially all of the parts are of wood and may be defined as an all wood pump, and Which can be employed with a suitable hose for general purposes, including the projection of a jet of Water such as may be required to extinguish a lire or bombs, to produce a spray, etc.

A further object of the invention is to provide an all Wood pump of the character described having a barrel formed of complementary sections suitably secured together with a bore of uniform cross sectional area extending longitudinally thereof. i

A further object ofthe invention is to provide a pump having a barrel formed in sections provided with reinforcing members extending longitudinally of and securely connected to the barrel, certain of which reinforcing members overlie the joints between sections of the barrel.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pump barrel construction in which opposite reinforcing members are provided with guideways adapted to receive members extending laterally from the plunger to insure coaxial maintenance of the plunger and bore of the barrel.

Another object of the invention is to provide a double-acting pump of the character described having a wooden air `chamber construction secured to the pump barrel in axial parallelism therewith and having means communicating with the outlet or with the outlet chamber of the pump to stabilize the uid pressure produced by the reciprocation of the piston and thereby maintain continuous delivery of liquid from the outlet at substantially uniform pressure.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pump of the character described with means for recirculating a portion of the liquid supplied from a container to the pump for the purpose of agitating the material in the receptacle, thereby to maintain a substantially uniform mixture of materials of different specic gravity which are to be discharged from the pump, as for example when the pump is used to spray Bordeaux mixtures upon vegetables, flowers, shrubs, etc.

These and other objects and features of the invention will more fully appear from the following description and the accompanying drawings and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a double-acting pump and air chamber therefor embodyin-g the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same; and

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a pump partly in section showing the air chamber in a diiferent position.

The pump "comprises a wooden barrel having a bore of uniform cross sectional area, a plunger of vsubstantially smaller cross sectional area reciprocable therein and having a head provided with elastic material closely tting within the bore of the barrel and dividing the same into an inlet chamber land an outlet chamber. The inlet chamf upon a base but may be of arcuate form in which case the plunger is of arcuate form and reciprocable or oscillatory about the same center or axis of curvature as that of the barrel. The head of the plunger and desirably a portion of the plunger adjacent thereto is provided with an axial conduit having ports establishing communication between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber of the pump and the cross sectional area of the piston is so correlated to the cross sectional area of the barrel and that of said conduit that substantially equal volumes of water will be discharged from the outlet during the movements of the plunger in opposite directions. The air chamber is so located as to stabilize the effective pressure undery which the liquid is discharged from the outlet and thereby maintain a continuous stream of substantially constant volume.

The preferred pump construction illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises a Wooden base l, a wooden barrel 2 mounted upon and extending vertically from said base and xedly secured thereto by wooden dowel pins 3. The barrel 2 is provided with a longitudinal preferably cylindrical bore 4 of uniform cross sectional area throughout its length. A plug 5, which is fitted into the bore, constitutes a closure for the lower end of the barrel and is provided with a downwardly extending passage which communicates with a laterally extending passage 'l through the wall of the barrel, a suitable threaded nipple 8 being mounted in said passage to provide the connection of a hose 9 adapted to conduct water from a suitable source to the lower end of the barrel. The upper end of the plug desirably has a downwardly inclined preferably conical surface forming a seat for a check valve I preferably of glass.

The upper end of the barrel is provided with a suitable closure adapted to permit the piston to reciprocate therethrough. In the preferred construction the closure consists of a wooden block I I `which is secured to the upper end of the barrel and an inverted cup-shaped washer I2 is clamped atits edge portion between the block I I and the upper end of the barrel. An outlet port I3 communicates with the bore of the barrel near its upper end and desirably has mounted in it a wooden tube I4 of suitable diameter which extends through the lower portion of the air chamber construction hereinafter described and communicates with a screw threaded nipple I5 upon which the end of a delivery hose I'S may vbe secured. v

The pump barrel desirably is made of complementary sections channeled throughout their length to provide a bore of uniform cross sectional area for the barrel although the barrel may be integral and bored longitudinally.

It is found in practice that on some occasions by reason of variation in direction of the grain of the wood a bit of sufficient length to bore an integral barrel may become diverted and that it is desirable to form complementary channels in separate sections which are secured together throughout their lengths to avoid this defect. Such sectional construction is particularly nec essary where the barrel of the pump is of arcuate form. Desirably the barrel 'is reinforced throughout its length in order effectively to withstand the v'fluid pressure imposed upon it during the recprocation of the plunger and this is .particularly true where the barrel is of sectional construction. The reinforcing means of the present invention comprises wooden strips Il of suitable thickness which t tightly upon the respective outer walls of the barrel and enclose the same throughout its length. Desirably two opposite reinforcing strips Il have portions I8 extending upwardly beyond the upper end of the barrel and provided midway of their width with guiding grooves or channels I9 for a wooden pin which connects the upper end of the plunger to the actuating lever, as will hereinafter more fully appear. The pump plunger 20 is of substantially less cross sectional area ythan the bore of the barrel and has a lower end portion of reduced diameter upon which is mounted a preferably wooden tube 2I of the same external diameter as the plunger and telescopically secured to the lower end of the plunger by a Wooden dowel. The tube 2I Ahas an enlarged cylindrical chambered portion 22 which communicates at its lower end with an axial conduit 2`3 of smaller diameter which extends through the end of the tube, the

junction between the chamber 22 and conduitI 'engage the wall of the chambers.

being formed to provide a valve seat adapted to be engaged by a preferably glass ball 24. The piston head comprises a pair of oppositely arranged cup-shaped preferably leather washers 25 and 2B which are secured to the lower end of the plunger by suitable bolts which extend through the clamping washer into the lower end of the plunger and engage nuts which are located in oppositely disposed recesses in the walls of the tube. The cup-shaped washers are progressively tapered to a substantially thin edge so that under the pressure of the water when the plunger is moved in either direction the washers will tightly The Apiston head thus constructed divides the bore of the barrel into a lower chamber 2l and an upper chamber 28.

Suitable means are provided for actuating the plunger which may be manual or power operated. In the construction illustrated a manually operated lever is provided. In this construction the upper end of the piston is provided with an enlarged portion 29 in which is secured a transverse wooden pin 30 the ends of which are reciprocably mounted in the guideways I9. A wooden lever 3I is fulcrumed upon a cylindrical wooden pivo-t 32 which is mounted in, a bifurcated end 33 of a strut 34 the lower end of which is mounted upon the base I and extends upwardly therefrom in angular relation thereto and is based at 'its lower end by a preferablyV triangular gusset 35 which is secured to the base and strut by Wooden dowel pins. The bifurcated upper end of the strut desirably is formed of parallel wooden members which are secured to opposite sides of the strut by suitable wooden dowel pins 36.

The bifurcated end of the lever 3I likewise .is constructed of oppositely disposed wooden members which are secured to the lever 3| by dowel pins 31. The ends of the bifurcated portions of the lever are provided with central slots 38 which engage the pin 3U to provide for relative movement between the lever and the upper end of the plunger as the plunger is actuated.

By reason of the construction above described substantially all of the parts of the pump are of wood or other non-metallic material, with the exception of the cup-shaped washers which althrough desirably made of leather may be made of rubber or of synthetic rubber com-position or other available material having suicient ilexibility for the required purpose.

In the operation of the pump downward pressure upon the handle of the lever 31| will raise the plunger thereby drawing liquid into the barrel of the pump through the Vinlet I thus raising the ball valve I0 and filling the lower chamber of the pump. Upon upward movement of the 'pump handle the plunger will be forced downwardly thereby causing the ball valve In to seat, 'thus checking the owfo'f liquid from the lower 'chamber of the cylinder bac'kwardly through the yinlet l. At the 'same time the downward vmovement 'of the plunger will raise the ball valve 2l permitting liquid to flow therefrom through suitable ports 39 in the tube `22 in't'othe 'upperchamber zaai-1d forcing the samethroug'h the outlet :I3 'as the chamber 28 are so correlated as to cause the delivery of substantially equal volumes of liquid from the outlet during opposite movements of the plunger thereby producing a continuous stream.

In order to stabilize the fluid pressure in the upper or fluid chamber for the purpose of projecting liquid from the outlet pipe under substantially uniform pressure an air chamber is provided which ycommunicates with the outlet or with the upper delivery chamber of the pump barrel. In the construction illustrated in Fig. 1 such air chamber is provided by a preferably chambered rectangular wooden construction which is secured and extends upwardly from the upper end portion of the pump barrel and is provided with a bore which is closed at its upper end and has a conduit at its lower end communicating with the outlet pipe I3. This construction may be made of a block of wood bored axially but preferably is constructed of complementary wooden sections 4U and 4| which are secured together throughout their lengths by glue and dowel pins or in any suitable manner and provided with a longitudinal preferably cylindrical axial bore 42 the upper end of which is closed by a tightly fitting plug 43 and the lower end of which is provided with a similar plug 44 having a horizontal bore in which the outlet pipe I4 is mounted. A relatively small conduit 45 in the upper portion of the plug 44 establishes communication between the bore or air chamber and the outlet pipe.

Desirably the tubular construction thus formed is reinforced by Wooden side members 46, 41, 48 and 49 which closely t and are secured to the respective sides of the block members 40 and 4I throughout their lengths with opposite members overlapping the joints between the block sections 40 and 4l. Similar wooden members 50 and I, which are secured to the lower and upper ends of the tubular construction, overlie and engage the plugs 44 and 43 respectively thereby providing a rigid construction.

Preferably the barrel members of the pump and desirably also the members of the air chamber construction are impregnated with a suitable water-repellant liquid which will act as a preservative and will also prevent warping or checking of the members.

A further feature of the invention consists in providing means for agitating liquid composition containing materials of different specific gravities, such for example as a Bordeaux mixture or a mixture of water and oleaginous liquid or the like in order to prevent settling of granular material or to maintain an emulsion of liquid which is supplied to the pump.

In the construction illustrated a conduit 52 communicates with the lower portion of the inlet chamber of the pump preferably in proximity to the inlet check valve and is provided with a nipple 53 adapted to receive a flexible pipe 54 the end of which may beplaced in a receptacle containing the material to be pumped and provided with a fitting preferably having a plurality of radial and axial holes. l The diameter of the conduit 52 is of much smaller diameter than the inlet conduit 'l so that only a relatively small portion of the liquid drawn into the lower chamber of the pump is recirculated.. However the action of the pump in alternately drawing liquid into the lower pump chamber and expelling it therefrom will maintain a sufficiently rapid circulation of the liquid in the. supply reservoir to enable a substantially uniform mixture to be taken into and delivered from the pump.

A modied form of air chamber constructionis illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings in which the air chamber construction instead of being mounted on the upper end portion of the pump and extending upwardlytherefrom is mounted upon the base and communicates directly with the upper or delivery chamber of the pump. In this construction all of the essential parts of the pump are identical with those previouslt7 described and need not be further illustrated. The air chamber construction comprises a preferably rectangular barrel 55 which may be constructed in complementary sections and which is provided with an axial bore 56 having at its upper end a plug 51 and at its lower end a plug 58. It is secured to the side of the pump barrel and extends longitudinally thereof and has a longitudinally extending groove or channel 59 which communicates near its lower end with a port 50 leading to the air chamber and at its upper end with a port 6i leading to the upper portion of the upper or delivery chamber of the pump.. Suitable rein,

forcing members 62 which fit upon and extend longitudinally of the barrel 55 are suitably secured thereto to reinforce the same and a block 63 overlies the plug 5l.

The operation of the construction disclosed in Fig. 3 is similar to that previously described with respect to Figs. 1-2.

It will be understood that the particular embodiments of the invention shown and described herein are ofan illustrative character and that various changes in arrangement and construction of parts may be made and that while the pump is particularly designed as an all-wood pump construction it may be formed of plastic or other non-metallic material, or that upon removal of Government restrictions the novel features of construction may be of metal or other suitable material now unavailable, It will therefore be understood that the particular embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are of an illustrative character and not restrictive of the meaning and scope of the following claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. A pump barrel formed of complementary longitudinal sections secured together in tightly abutting relation and having an axial longitudinal bore of uniform cross sectional area, and parallel longitudinally extending wooden reinforcing members enclosing the respective Sections and overlying the joints between them.

2. A pump barrel formed of complementary longitudinal sections secured together in tightly abutting relation and having an axial longitudinal bore of uniform cross sectional area, parallel longitudinally extending wooden reinforcing members enclosing the respective sections and overlying the joints between them, and a pair of opposite reinforcing members extending beyond the end of said barrel and provided with means for guiding the pump plunger.

3. A double-acting pump comprising a wooden base, a wooden barrel of rectangular cross section extending upwardly therefrom provided with an axial bore closed at its ends and having an inlet adjacent its lower end, provided with a check valve and an outlet adjacent its upper end, wooden reinforcing members fitting upon and secured to each side of said body throughout its length including oppositely disposed members extending upwardly and well beyond the end thereof and provided midway of their width with oppositely disposed guiding channels, a double-acting plunger reciprocably mounted in said bore, a transverse pin in the upper portion of said plunger extending into said guiding channels, and lever mechanism engaging said pin operable to reciprocate the piston.

4. A double-acting pump comprising a wooden base, a wooden barrel of rectangular cross section extending upwardly therefrom provided with an axial bore closed at its ends and having an inlet; adjacent its lower end and an outlet adjacent its upper end provided with a check valve, oppositely disposed wooden reinforcing members tting upon and secured to said body throughout its length `and extending upwardly `and well beyond the end thereof and provided midway of their width vwith oppositely- ,disposed guiding channels, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said bore having a double acting valved head fitting said cylinder dividing said barrel into lower and upper chambers, a pin in the upper portion of said plunger extending into said guiding channels and lever mechanism engaging said pin operable to reciprocate the piston, and a wooden vertical air chamber construction mounted upon one side of said body and extending longitudinally thereof having means communicating with the upper chamber of said barrel.

5. A double-acting pump comprising a barrel having a bore of uniform cross sectional area, a double-acting valved plunger reciprocably mounted in the barrel dividing the same into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, means for reciprocating the plunger, an outlet conduit leading from the outlet chamber, an inlet conduit having a hose communicating therewith adapted to lead from a suitable reservoir to .the inlet chamber and having a check valve therein to prevent ow of liquid from the inlet chamber, a supplemental conduit of substantially smaller cross sectional area than that of said inlet conduit communicating with said inlet chamber in proximity to the inlet conduit and having a hose communicating therewith provided with means at its opposite end adapted to be immersed in the liquid in a reservoir and provided with ports adapted upon reciprocation of the plunger -to permit the liquid drawn into and expelled from said supplemental conduit to agitate thematerial in the reservoir.

6. Adouble-acting pump comprising a wooden base, a wooden barrel of rectangular cross ,section formed of complementary longitudinal -sections secured together in tightly abutting relation extending vertically yupwardly ytherefrom and provided with an axial ,bore closed at .its ends and having yan inlet adjacent its lower fend vprovided with a check valve and an outlet ladjacent its upper end, wooden reinforcing members litting upon and secured to each side of said body throughout its length including oppositely disposed members extending lupwardly well befr l',

yond the end thereof and provided midway .of their lwidth with oppositely disposed guiding channels, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said bore having a. double-acting valved head, n pin in the upper portion of said plunger extending into said guiding channels, a wooden strut mounted ,on said base extending upwardly therefrom in diverging relation to said barrel and connected to said barrel intermediate of its length. and a lever fulcrumed upon the upper end portion Kof said strut having at one end slotted .engagement l with said pin and at the other end a handle portion for operating the lever.

7. A ldouble-acting pump comprising a wooden base, a `wooden barre-l of rectangular cross section formed of complementary longitudinal sections secured together in tightly abutting 'relation ex: tending vertically upwardly therefrom and provided with an axial bore closed at its ends and having an inlet adjacent its lower end provided with `a check valve and an outlet adjacent its upper end, wooden reinforcing members tting upon and secured to each side of said :body throughout its length including oppositely dsposed members extending upwardly Well beyond the end thereof and provided midway of their width with oppositely disposed guiding channels,

a plunger reciprocably mounted in said Abore having a (double-acting valved head fitting said bore and dividing the same into upper and lower chambers, means for actuating said plunger, an air chamber formed o f complementary rectangular longitudinal sections lsecured together in tightly abutting rela-tion having an axial lon.- gitudinal bore and provided with longitudinally extending reinforcing members overlying the joints of .said sections and secured to the pump barreland ,the reinforcing extensions .thereof and having means communicating with the lupper chamber of said barrel.

8. lAn all-wooden pump comprising `a wooden base, a wooden barrel mounted upon and extending vertically upwardly from said base, having an inlet rat its lower rend .and an ,outlet adjacent its ,upper end, wooden reinforcing members ,ex-

tending longitudinally of said barrel including a pair extending -well beyond the ,upper end of said barrel having midway of their .widths a- 'long-itudinal guiding channel, 'a wooden lplunger having a head provided with a double-acting valve reciprocably mounted in the bore of said barrel and `having at its upper end portion a .pin engaging said channels, a wooden Vstrut mounted upon said vloase extending upwardly and outwardly with respect to said barrel, a wooden lever fulcrumed upon said strut having a slotted connection at one end with said vrplunger pin and provided with ya ,handle at its opposite end and a reinforced Wooden air chamber communicating with the upper chamber of the barrel.

ROMEO A. BOSSI. 

